{"id":758,"date":"2021-03-06T17:52:50","date_gmt":"2021-03-06T13:52:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/?p=758"},"modified":"2021-03-06T17:52:50","modified_gmt":"2021-03-06T13:52:50","slug":"az%c9%99rbaycan-sufi-folkloruna-bir-baxis-bilal-alarli-yazir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/az%c9%99rbaycan-sufi-folkloruna-bir-baxis-bilal-alarli-yazir\/","title":{"rendered":"Az\u0259rbaycan sufi folkloruna bir bax\u0131\u015f – Bilal Alarl\u0131 yaz\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u018fd\u0259biyyat\u0131m\u0131zda sufi, d\u0259rvi\u015f, m\u00fcrid, m\u00fcr\u015fid \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini xat\u0131rladan \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r \u00e7oxdur. “Kitabi-D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud” dastan\u0131nda “qara donlu d\u0259rvi\u015f”d\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Burla Xatun Qazan xana deyir ki, “quru-quru \u00e7aylara su sald\u0131m, qara donlu d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259zir verdim”.<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, dastan\u0131n yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r inanc yeri olmu\u015f, h\u0259tta onlardan dil\u0259k dil\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r. Sufilikl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ifad\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 orta y\u00fczillikl\u0259rin yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda daha \u00e7ox rast g\u0259lirik. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 sufil\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259xsus \u00e7oxlu sayda pir q\u0259birl\u0259r, m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259r, abid\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 ziyar\u0259tgahlar m\u00f6vcuddur. Bu da onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131nda sufil\u0259rin m\u00f6vqeyi b\u00f6y\u00fck olmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf tarixind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm yer tutan \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri Veys\u0259l Qaranidir. Bu \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Amma tarixi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycanda t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n X \u0259srd\u0259n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259sdiq edir. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 sufi aliml\u0259r yeti\u015fmi\u015fdir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, h\u0259min d\u00f6vr t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n “t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi d\u00f6vr” adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfi d\u00f6vr\u00fcn sufi aliml\u0259ri \u018fbu H\u00fcseyn D\u00fcndari-\u015eirazi, H\u00fcseyn ibn Y\u0259zdinyar, \u018fbu H\u0259s\u0259n, \u018fbu Z\u00fcra, \u018fbu Abbas, \u018fbu S\u0259id Abdal Bakuvi, \u018fli ibn M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d ibn Abdullab Bakuvi, H\u00fcseyn \u015eirvani, \u018fbu Abbas \u018fhm\u0259d, \u018fxi F\u0259r\u0259c Z\u0259ncani, Baba F\u0259r\u0259c, Xac\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Xo\u015fnam, H\u00fcseyn M\u0259r\u0259ndi, \u0130brahim T\u0259brizi, \u018fb\u00fclf\u0259r\u0259c \u018fb\u00fclvahid Varsani,\u00a0 S\u0259id B\u0259rd\u0259yi, \u018fbub\u0259kr \u018fbh\u0259ri v\u0259 \u018fbd\u00fclqahir S\u00fchr\u0259verdidir.<\/p>\n

XII y\u00fczillik Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sidir.\u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycan bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259n etibar\u0259n t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259r m\u0259rk\u0259zi kimi tan\u0131n\u0131r. Qeyd olunur ki, t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 olan \u0259xiliyin Anadolu qolu, h\u0259m\u00e7inin, t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n s\u00fchr\u0259verdilik, h\u00fcrufilik,\u00a0 zahidilik, \u0259f\u0259vilik, x\u0259lv\u0259tilik, x\u0259lv\u0259tiliyin qollar\u0131 r\u00f6v\u015f\u0259nilik v\u0259 g\u00fcl\u015f\u0259nilik t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycanda yaran\u0131r v\u0259 buradan \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131na yay\u0131l\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycanda y\u0259s\u0259vilik v\u0259 n\u0259q\u015fib\u0259ndilik kimi t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259r d\u0259 geni\u015f areal qazan\u0131r. \u0130slam al\u0259mind\u0259 yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259rin v\u0259 Sufi c\u0259r\u0259yanlar\u0131n\u0131n bir ne\u00e7\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259lidir. Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00fcst\u0259qil sufil\u0259r d\u0259 olmu\u015flar. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda q\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259rilik,\u00a0 b\u0259kta\u015filik, m\u00f6vl\u0259vilik,\u00a0 nem\u0259tullahilik, m\u0259lam\u0259tilik kimi t\u0259riq\u0259t t\u0259msil\u00e7il\u0259ri d\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. \u015eeyx \u0130brahim \u015eirvani, M\u0259r\u0259z\u0259li Diri Baba, \u015eeyx Rza Sultan, \u018ff\u015far Baba ziyar\u0259tgahlar\u0131 vaxtil\u0259 sufi m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259ky\u0259l\u0259ri olmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n

T\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcfd\u0259 var olman\u0131n v\u0259 ilahi var olmaya yeti\u015fm\u0259nin t\u0259m\u0259lind\u0259 E\u015fq dayan\u0131r. Allaha yaln\u0131z E\u015fql\u0259 yeti\u015fm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Az\u0259rbaycan klassik \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda da e\u015fq v\u0259 ilahi e\u015fq apar\u0131c\u0131 m\u00f6vqed\u0259dir. Sufi \u015fairl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259bib, m\u0259hbub, m\u0259\u015fuq v\u0259 sevgili Allah dem\u0259kdir. Az\u0259rbaycanda t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcf \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini Baba Kuhi Bakuvi, Nizami G\u0259nc\u0259vi, M\u0259hs\u0259ti G\u0259nc\u0259vi, Mahmud \u015e\u0259b\u00fcst\u0259ri, \u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259simi, F\u0259zlullah N\u0259imi, \u015eah Qas\u0131m \u018fnvar, D\u0259d\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259ni, \u0130brahim G\u00fcl\u015f\u0259ni, \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l X\u0259tai, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d F\u00fczuli, \u018fb\u00fclqasim N\u0259bati, Mir H\u0259mz\u0259 Nigari, Mirz\u0259 \u015e\u0259fi Vazeh kimi Sufi \u015fairl\u0259r yaratm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Sufilik bir dini bax\u0131\u015f sistemi olaraq yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u0259d\u0259biyyatda iz buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi, \u015fifahi xalq \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda da tamamil\u0259 orijinal olan janrlar\u0131n yaranmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdu. Sufi deyiml\u0259ri, sufi tama\u015falar\u0131 vaxt\u0131nda yaz\u0131ya al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan diqq\u0259td\u0259n k\u0259narda qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. M\u00fcr\u015fidl\u0259rin v\u0259 m\u00fcridl\u0259rin m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259ri, n\u0259sih\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259y\u0259 layiq n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rdir. D\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rin, q\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259rl\u0259rin avazla oxuduqlar\u0131 dini \u015feirl\u0259r janr bax\u0131m\u0131ndan maraq do\u011furur. D\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rin qavalla, d\u0259fl\u0259 olan meyxana yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131, deyi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 bu meyxana gec\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirdikl\u0259ri tama\u015falar, ilahi r\u0259qsl\u0259r v\u0259 bu ilahi r\u0259qsl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t ed\u0259n emosional-deklamatik m\u0259nsur \u015feir par\u00e7alar\u0131 folklor \u00f6rn\u0259kl\u0259ri kimi ara\u015fd\u0131rmaya m\u00f6htacd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sufi folkloruna daxildir:<\/p>\n

1. Klassik janrlarda olan dini folklor \u00f6rn\u0259kl\u0259ri. Buraya q\u0259z\u0259l, q\u0259sid\u0259, m\u00fcx\u0259mm\u0259s, m\u0259rsiy\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r janrlarda s\u00f6yl\u0259nilmi\u015f, m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri unudulmu\u015f, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn v\u0259 ifa m\u0259qam\u0131nin t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r daxildir;<\/p>\n

2. A\u015f\u0131q \u015feiri \u00fcslubunda olan dini folklor \u00f6rn\u0259kl\u0259ri. Buraya qo\u015fma v\u0259 g\u0259rayl\u0131 janrlar\u0131nda olan dini \u015feirl\u0259r, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rin v\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259rl\u0259rin deyi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri daxildir;<\/p>\n

3. Xalq \u015feiri \u00fcslubunda olan dini folklor \u00f6rn\u0259kl\u0259ri. Buraya bayat\u0131, a\u011f\u0131, \u015fiv\u0259n, q\u0131yha, bozlama, s\u0131zlama v\u0259 sair \u015f\u0259kill\u0259rd\u0259 olan m\u0259nzum dini par\u00e7alar daxildir;<\/p>\n

4. D\u0259rvi\u015f toylar\u0131nda oxunan n\u0259\u011fm\u0259l\u0259r. Bu n\u0259\u011fm\u0259l\u0259r melodik ritml\u0259, \u00e7ox hallarda qaval v\u0259 d\u0259fin m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259ti il\u0259 ifa edilir;<\/p>\n

5. Dini meyxanalar. Bu tipli meyxanalar\u0131 dinin \u00f6z\u00fcll\u0259rin\u0259 b\u0259l\u0259d olan b\u0259dah\u0259t sahibl\u0259ri x\u00fcsusi avazla s\u00f6yl\u0259yirl\u0259r;<\/p>\n

6. \u015e\u0259bihl\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259r dini tama\u015falar.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rin s\u00f6yl\u0259dikl\u0259ri h\u0259disl\u0259r, m\u00fcridl\u0259rin v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u015fidl\u0259rin n\u0259sih\u0259tl\u0259ri, deyiml\u0259ri, m\u00fcdrik k\u0259lamlar\u0131, h\u0259m\u00e7inin, \u015f\u0259bih tama\u015falar\u0131 da Sufi folklor \u00f6rn\u0259kl\u0259ridir. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar s\u00fcbut edir ki, \u015f\u0259bih tama\u015falar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r haz\u0131rlay\u0131b n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirirmi\u015fl\u0259r. Sufi folklorunda t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259r, dini c\u0259r\u0259yanlar g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcr. Sufi folkloru \u0259sas\u0259n K\u0259rb\u0259la vaqi\u0259si, \u015fi\u0259 \u0259xlaq\u0131, ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Orta y\u00fczillikl\u0259rd\u0259 Xan\u0259gahlar dini m\u0259rasiml\u0259rin haz\u0131rlanma, t\u0259\u015fkil olunma v\u0259 t\u0259bli\u011f edilm\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri idi. Xan\u0259gahlar m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259hs\u0259 gir\u0259r\u0259k Quran d\u0259rsl\u0259ri t\u0259\u015fkil edir, klassik \u015feir formalar\u0131nda (daha \u00e7ox \u0259ruz v\u0259znind\u0259 v\u0259 \u015fifahi xalq \u015feirl\u0259ri janrlar\u0131nda) \u00f6yr\u0259timl\u0259r apar\u0131r, \u015f\u0259bih tama\u015falar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ssenaril\u0259r haz\u0131rlay\u0131r, meyxanalar qo\u015fub-d\u00fcz\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Sufil\u0259rin apard\u0131qlar\u0131 \u015f\u0259nlikl\u0259r “D\u0259rvi\u015f toylar\u0131” adlan\u0131rd\u0131. D\u0259rvi\u015f toylar\u0131nda dini \u015feirl\u0259r x\u00fcsusi avazla v\u0259 musiqi al\u0259tl\u0259rinin m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259ti il\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259nilir, meyxanalar deyilir, d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rin deyi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259\u015fkil olunurdu. Sufi toylar\u0131n\u0131 x\u00fcsusi qabiliyy\u0259ti olan ifa\u00e7\u0131 d\u0259rvi\u015f apar\u0131rd\u0131. Onu da deyim ki, qat\u0131 dindar olan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 \u00f6vladlar\u0131na d\u0259rvi\u015f toyu edirl\u0259r. D\u0259rvi\u015f toyunun maraql\u0131 m\u0259qam\u0131 qad\u0131nlar m\u0259clisind\u0259 ba\u015f verir. Burada xan\u0131m d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r r\u0259qsl\u0259rin ifas\u0131ndan tutmu\u015f g\u0259lin t\u0259rifin\u0259d\u0259k b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri m\u0259har\u0259tl\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkil edirl\u0259r. Xan\u0131m d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rin s\u00f6yl\u0259dikl\u0259ri bayat\u0131lar, d\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259li n\u0259\u011fm\u0259l\u0259r, h\u0259tta t\u0259\u015fkil etdikl\u0259ri deyi\u015fm\u0259 yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 b\u0259dah\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulur. Sufil\u0259r yas m\u0259clisl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259v\u0259t al\u0131r, burada Allah\u0131n, Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin, imamlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259nin\u0259 b\u0259dah\u0259tl\u0259r s\u00f6yl\u0259yirdil\u0259r. Yas m\u0259rasiml\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6l\u0259nin \u015f\u0259nin\u0259 a\u011f\u0131lar, \u015fiv\u0259nl\u0259r, bozlamalar, s\u0131zlamalar deyirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bu m\u0259nsur m\u0259tn Tanr\u0131ya edil\u0259n duad\u0131r: “Q\u00fcdr\u0259tini tam v\u0259sf etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn me\u015f\u0259l\u0259r q\u0259l\u0259m d\u0259ryalar m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b olsa da, yen\u0259 yaz\u0131b qurtarmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcns\u00fczd\u00fcr. Saylar\u0131n sonu q\u0259d\u0259r \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr s\u0259n\u0259. \u00d6z \u0259m\u0259limizind\u0259 nizam\u0131n\u0131 biz\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131rma, \u00f6z\u00fcn nizamla! Ya \u018frh\u0259m\u0259rrahimin, bizi bizd\u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l bil\u0259n s\u0259ns\u0259n, r\u0259hmlil\u0259rin r\u0259hmlisi oldu\u011fun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bizl\u0259ri bir an da \u00f6zba\u015f\u0131na buraxma”. Tanr\u0131ya dualar\u0131n \u00e7oxu m\u0259nzum \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da n\u00fcmun\u0259 g\u0259tiril\u0259n Tanr\u0131 duas\u0131 qo\u015fma \u015f\u0259klind\u0259dir:<\/p>\n

Ya R\u0259bbim, r\u0259hmini \u0259sirg\u0259m\u0259 s\u0259n,
\nR\u0259hminsiz bir anda ya\u015f\u0131yammaram.
\n\u018flim \u0259t\u0259yind\u0259n \u00fcz\u00fcls\u0259 bir an,
\nBu \u00f6m\u00fcr y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc da\u015f\u0131yammaram”.<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u0259tn is\u0259 daha \u00e7ox emosional avazla s\u00f6yl\u0259nmi\u015f \u015f\u00fckranl\u0131q duas\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Yatd\u0131m, durdum, ya\u015fad\u0131m,
\nEl\u0259dim \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr s\u0259n\u0259.
\nAzd\u0131r yen\u0259 dinc\u0259lm\u0259d\u0259n
\nEl\u0259yim \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr s\u0259n\u0259.
\nBilir\u0259m r\u0259hm ed\u0259ns\u0259n,
\n\u018fl a\u00e7\u0131b \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr ed\u0259n\u0259.
\nAllah\u0131m \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr s\u0259n\u0259,<\/strong><\/p>\n

Seyyid Miryusif a\u011fadan q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131nan m\u0259rsiy\u0259 is\u0259 ibr\u0259tamiz xarakterlidir:<\/p>\n

\u018fzizim, fanidir d\u00fcnya,
\nbu d\u00fcnyada v\u0259fa yoxdur,
\nC\u0259fa \u00e7oxdur bu d\u00fcnyada,
\nv\u0259li ax\u0131r s\u0259fa yoxdur.<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u0259rsiy\u0259, sin\u0259z\u0259n, noh\u0259, cu\u015fi kimi m\u0259nzum Sufi folklor \u00f6rn\u0259kl\u0259ri janr x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini klassik \u0259d\u0259biyyatdan alsa da, tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259dir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, m\u0259rsiy\u0259l\u0259rin \u00e7oxu g\u0259rayl\u0131, qo\u015fma v\u0259 bayat\u0131 formas\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, bunlar da Az\u0259rbaycan \u015fifahi xalq \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na xas janrlard\u0131r. Yaxud h\u0259disl\u0259r dini r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r say\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259tin bir n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr. Dualar v\u0259 b\u0259ddualar art\u0131q folklorun janrlar\u0131 kimi sabitl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u0259rsiy\u0259l\u0259r Sufi folklor \u0259n\u0259n\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fun \u015f\u0259kild\u0259dir v\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, bu n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259rsiy\u0259nin klassik janr t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259ri deyil, \u015fifahi xalq \u015feirinin \u00fcslubi keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/p>\n

Sufi folklorunun epik n\u00f6v\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r v\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259rl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda na\u011f\u0131llar \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bel\u0259 na\u011f\u0131llarda d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r xeyir-dua ver\u0259n a\u011fsaqqallar kimi t\u0259svir olunur, m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s say\u0131l\u0131r, ziyar\u0259t olunur, d\u0259rvi\u015fin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Xan\u0259gah ibad\u0259tgah kimi q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 verilir. D\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rin bir ne\u00e7\u0259si is\u0259 qo\u015fma v\u0259 g\u0259rayl\u0131 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 d\u00fcny\u0259vi \u015feirl\u0259r qo\u015fur, daha \u00e7ox n\u0259sih\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t xarakterli b\u0259dii n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r yarad\u0131rd\u0131lar. D\u0259rvi\u015f v\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259r l\u0259tif\u0259l\u0259ri, r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259ri, \u0259fsan\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 janr bax\u0131m\u0131ndan maraq do\u011furur.<\/p>\n

Bir maraql\u0131 fakt\u0131 da yazma\u011f\u0131 vacib bilir\u0259m. Qad\u0131n d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 yaln\u0131z xan\u0131mlara m\u0259xsus ziyar\u0259tgahlar x\u00fcsusi diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kir. Dualar\u0131n k\u00f6k\u00fcnd\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259 u\u015faqlar, u\u015faq arzusunda olanlar, \u00f6vlad\u0131 h\u0259rbi xidm\u0259td\u0259, uzaq m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259td\u0259 olanlar durur. Ziyar\u0259tgahlar dini m\u0259rasim v\u0259 bayramlarda (A\u015fura g\u00fcn\u00fc, Orucluq, Qurban v\u0259 Novruz bayramlar\u0131nda) daha gur olur. Y\u0131\u011f\u0131lan n\u0259zirl\u0259r imkans\u0131z adamlara paylan\u0131r. \u018fn maraql\u0131 m\u0259qam is\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n bu da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Sufi m\u0259b\u0259dinin yerind\u0259 avazla q\u0259mli n\u0259\u011fm\u0259l\u0259r oxumalar\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, bu oxunan n\u0259\u011fm\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 Sufil\u0259rin s\u00f6yl\u0259dikl\u0259ri m\u0259rsiy\u0259l\u0259r q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259y\u0259rlidir. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, Sufi m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259rini ziyar\u0259t ed\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n bu folklor m\u0259rasimi kims\u0259nin diqq\u0259tini \u00e7\u0259km\u0259mi\u015fdir v\u0259 t\u0259dric\u0259n unudulub getm\u0259kd\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

Birm\u0259nal\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, Sufi qad\u0131nlar v\u0259 onlar\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 diqq\u0259td\u0259n k\u0259narda qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u00c7ox t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, q\u0259dim v\u0259 orta y\u00fczillikl\u0259rin inanclar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n q\u0259bir\u00fcst\u00fc abid\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 yet\u0259rinc\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. H\u0259r bir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin ayr\u0131lmaz bir hiss\u0259si olan ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 bu ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259si olan d\u0259fn m\u0259rasiml\u0259ri, t\u0259kc\u0259 xalqlar\u0131n m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rini deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 bu xalqlar\u0131n tarixinin \u0259laq\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zedilm\u0259z rol oynay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sufi folklorunun toplan\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si v\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u0259m ilahiyyat\u00e7\u0131lar, h\u0259m d\u0259 folklor\u015f\u00fcnaslar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn maraql\u0131d\u0131r. \/525-ci q\u0259zet\/<\/em><\/p>\n

Bilal ALARLI <\/strong><\/em>
\nfilologiya \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru,<\/strong><\/em>
\nADPU C\u0259lilabad filial\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llimi.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u018fd\u0259biyyat\u0131m\u0131zda sufi, d\u0259rvi\u015f, m\u00fcrid, m\u00fcr\u015fid \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini xat\u0131rladan \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r \u00e7oxdur. “Kitabi-D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud” dastan\u0131nda “qara donlu d\u0259rvi\u015f”d\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Burla Xatun Qazan xana deyir ki, “quru-quru \u00e7aylara su sald\u0131m, qara donlu d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259zir verdim”. G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, dastan\u0131n yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r inanc yeri olmu\u015f, h\u0259tta onlardan dil\u0259k dil\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r. Sufilikl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ifad\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 orta y\u00fczillikl\u0259rin yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda daha \u00e7ox rast […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":759,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/758"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=758"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":760,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/758\/revisions\/760"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/759"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}