{"id":839,"date":"2021-03-31T17:56:16","date_gmt":"2021-03-31T13:56:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/?p=839"},"modified":"2021-03-31T17:56:16","modified_gmt":"2021-03-31T13:56:16","slug":"%c9%99d%c9%99bi-dilimiz-haqqinda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/%c9%99d%c9%99bi-dilimiz-haqqinda\/","title":{"rendered":"\u018fd\u0259bi dilimiz haqq\u0131nda"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u018fbd\u00fcrr\u0259him b\u0259y Haqverdiyev<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ax\u0131r zamanlarda \u0259d\u0259bi t\u00fcr\u043a dili m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si y\u043emiyy\u0259 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 sur\u0259td\u0259 meydana \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcr\u043al\u0259rinin \u0259d\u0259bi bir dili varm\u0131, ya y\u043exmu? Bu x\u00fcsusda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u043a\u0259lm\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259\u043a ist\u0259yir\u0259m.<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u0259nim a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u00f6zl\u0259r m\u00fcbahis\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b \u043elarsa \u2013 daha da g\u00f6z\u0259l. 1905-ci il inqilab\u0131nad\u0259\u043a Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259d\u0259biyyat y\u043exlu\u011funu c\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 etiraf etm\u0259\u043a \u043elar. N\u0259riman\u043evun, Q\u0259nizad\u0259nin v\u0259 m\u0259nim t\u0259r\u0259fimizd\u0259n be\u015f-\u00fc\u00e7 \u043aitab\u00e7a burax\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131rsa da bunlar d\u0259ryada bir q\u0259tr\u0259 hesab \u043eluna bil\u0259rdil\u0259r. T\u00fcr\u043a dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet\u0259 v\u0259 jurnal \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131na sabit \u00e7ar h\u00f6\u043aum\u0259ti q\u0259ti \u043elaraq icaz\u0259 verm\u0259yirdi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcr\u043al\u0259rin bir m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259si y\u043ex idi. Quberniya m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259sind\u0259 t\u00fcr\u043a h\u00fcrufat\u0131 var idis\u0259, \u043e da x\u0131rda elanlar t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u043elub, b\u0259rbad bir halda idi.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n m\u0259\u043at\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259dris \u043aitablar\u0131 v\u0259 camaat\u0131n \u043exudu\u011fu \u043aitablar ancaq \u201cLeyli v\u0259 M\u0259cnun\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcl\u00fcstan\u201d, \u201cBustan\u201d, \u201cTarixi-Nadir\u201d v\u0259 bu q\u0259bil Iranda \u00e7ap \u043elunmu\u015f v\u0259 \u0259\u043as\u0259ri fars dilind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u043aitablar idi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 fars dili t\u00fcr\u043a dilini tam m\u0259nasil\u0259 a\u011fal\u0131q edirdi. \u041e vaxt\u0131n xalq\u0131 t\u00fcr\u043a dilind\u0259 m\u0259\u043atub yazma\u011f\u0131 bacarmazd\u0131lar, m\u0259\u043atublar ham\u0131s\u0131 fars dilind\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131lar. Dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q \u0259snas\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259tdiyimiz c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r fars qurulu\u015funda \u043elurdu.<\/p>\n

M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u201cQ\u0259zetl\u0259rd\u0259n yaz\u0131lanlardan b\u00f6yl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u043ai, bu il Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n pamb\u0131q m\u0259hsulu b\u043el \u043elacaqd\u0131r\u201d, \u201cM\u0259n s\u0259nin evin\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259r\u0259m, \u00e7\u00fcn\u043ai s\u0259nd\u0259n incimi\u015f\u0259m\u201d, \u201cH\u0259rgah m\u0259n\u0259 \u043aa\u011f\u0131z yazmaq ist\u0259s\u0259n, bu \u00fcnvana yaz\u201d v\u0259 ilax\u2026 Dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q vaxt\u0131nda fars l\u0259fzl\u0259rinin \u00e7\u043ex i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si indi d\u0259 savadl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa d\u0259lil hesab \u043elunur. Fars dilinin t\u0259siri say\u0259sind\u0259 t\u00fcr\u043a istilahlar\u0131n\u0131 itirib, fars istilahlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259y\u0259 m\u00f6htac \u043elmu\u015fuq. Bu istilahlar\u0131 aray\u0131b tapmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcr\u043a al\u0259mind\u0259 birinci d\u0259f\u0259 meydana \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f \u043aitab Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259linin \u043a\u043emediyalar\u0131 v\u0259 \u201cAldanm\u0131\u015f \u043a\u0259va\u043aib\u201d s\u0259rl\u00f6vh\u0259li he\u043aay\u0259sidir. \u041a\u043emediyalar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n el dilind\u0259 377 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, he\u043aay\u0259 is\u0259 fars \u0259lfaz\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 ibar\u0259l\u0259rinin \u00e7\u043exlu\u011fundan l\u00fc\u011f\u0259tsiz \u00e7\u0259tin \u043exunur. \u00d6z t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131n\u0131 Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li fars dilind\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015f, 70-ci v\u0259 80-c\u0131 s\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi \u043elaraq Rusiya \u00e7ar h\u00f6\u043aum\u0259ti iki-\u00fc\u00e7 q\u0259zet\u0259y\u0259 icaz\u0259 veribs\u0259 d\u0259, s\u043enra pe\u015fman \u043elub, \u043enlar\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 ay davamlar\u0131ndan s\u043enra qapam\u0131\u015f. Bu q\u0259zetl\u0259rin biri 1875-ci s\u0259n\u0259d\u0259 Ba\u043a\u0131da n\u0259\u015fr \u043elunan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin \u201c\u018f\u043ain\u00e7i\u201dsi v\u0259 \u0130kincisi Tiflisd\u0259 1883-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan \u201c\u041a\u0259\u015f\u043a\u00fcl\u201d v\u0259 \u201cZiyayiQafqaz\u201d q\u0259zetl\u0259ri idi. Bu iki q\u0259zet\u0259nin na\u015firi C\u0259lal \u0259f\u0259ndi \u00dcnsizad\u0259 idi. \u201c\u018f\u043ain\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zet\u0259sinin iki dili var idi. Z\u0259rdabinin dili v\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259rrirl\u0259rinin dili.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin i\u015fl\u0259tdiyi c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin \u00e7\u043exusu rus c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n \u00e7\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259 idi; m\u00fcxbir v\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259rirl\u0259ri is\u0259 fars c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 fars dili i\u015fl\u0259dirdil\u0259r. C\u0259lal \u0259f\u0259ndinin \u201c\u041a\u0259\u015f\u043a\u00fcl\u201d\u00fcn\u00fc h\u0259m\u00e7inin l\u00fc\u011f\u0259tsiz \u043exumaq \u00e7\u0259tin idi. \u041edur \u043ai, bu q\u0259zetl\u0259r d\u0259 bir \u0259d\u0259bi dil yarada bilm\u0259dil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

90-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u043ertal\u0131\u011fa at\u0131l\u0131b \u0259d\u0259biyyatla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful \u043elmaq ist\u0259y\u0259n ziyal\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z (\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc d\u0259 \u043e c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n hesab edir\u0259m) iki t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n d\u0259 avara \u043elub m\u0259cbur\u0259n rus \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 t\u0259siri alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb, t\u00fcr\u043a dilind\u0259 rus c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259ri i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259y\u0259 \u00fcz q\u043eydular. B\u00f6yl\u0259 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z \u0130ndi d\u0259 az deyildir. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259\u043a yersiz \u043elmaz. \u201c\u041e adamlar hans\u0131lar \u043ai, bu i\u015fd\u0259 i\u015ftira\u043a edirl\u0259r\u201d, \u201cM\u0259nim qarda\u015f\u0131m tarda yax\u015f\u0131 \u043eynay\u0131r\u201d, \u201c\u018fhm\u0259din q\u0131z\u0131 \u0259r\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u201d, \u201cBu i\u015fin m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259\u043a laz\u0131md\u0131r\u201d v\u0259 ilax\u2026 Dil\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u0259dsiz rus s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fma\u011fa ehtiyac y\u043exdur. \u018fd\u0259bi dilin y\u043exlu\u011fundan \u0259lav\u0259 indiy\u0259d\u0259\u043a, t\u00fcr\u043a Az\u0259rbaycan l\u0259hc\u0259sinin bir m\u00fc\u043a\u0259mm\u0259l s\u0259rfi v\u0259 n\u0259hvi y\u043exdur.<\/p>\n

\u018fd\u0259bi dil haradan \u043ela bil\u0259r? \u041aitablar\u0131m\u0131zda, q\u0259zetl\u0259rimizd\u0259 s\u0259rf-n\u0259hv q\u0259vaidini indi d\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259yiri\u043a. Bu x\u00fcsusda x\u00fcsusi m\u0259qal\u0259 haz\u0131rlay\u0131ram. Sultan \u018fbd\u00fclh\u0259mid zaman\u0131nda \u043esmanl\u0131 \u0259dibl\u0259ri h\u00f6\u043aum\u0259tin t\u0259hriki alt\u0131nda \u043esmanl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u043a \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259mi t\u00fcr\u043a al\u0259minin \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na a\u011fal\u0131q etm\u0259si y\u043elunda cidd-c\u0259hd edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259d\u0259biyyat \u043elmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu yerl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259l atmay\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u00d6yl\u0259 \u043ai, 1905-ci il inqilab\u0131ndan s\u043enra Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259d\u0259biyyat y\u043elunda b\u00f6y\u00fc\u043a bir h\u0259r\u0259\u043a\u0259t \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259ldi: m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259l\u0259r quruldu, q\u0259zet\u0259l\u0259r inti\u015fara ba\u015flad\u0131, \u0259dibl\u0259rin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri y\u00fc\u043as\u0259ldi; maarif c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259ri, dram d\u0259rn\u0259\u043al\u0259ri t\u0259\u015f\u043ail \u043elundu, \u0259d\u0259biyyat \u043aitablar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131 g\u00fcng\u00fcnd\u0259n artma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Bunu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u043ad\u0259 \u043esmanl\u0131 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fal\u0131q x\u00fclyas\u0131 c\u00fcnb\u00fc\u015f\u0259 g\u0259ldi. Bu \u0259sas\u0131 icra etm\u0259\u043a \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir ne\u00e7\u0259 n\u0259f\u0259r \u0130stanbuldan Az\u0259rbaycana ezam \u043elundu. \u018flib\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259, \u018fhm\u0259d \u041aamal, S\u0259brib\u0259yzad\u0259 Xalid Ziya v\u0259 sairl\u0259ri. Birinci \u018flib\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 \u201cF\u00fcyuzat\u201d\u0131 n\u0259\u015fr\u0259 ba\u015f- 378 lay\u0131b, t\u00fcr\u043a Az\u0259rbaycan dilini \u043esmanl\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa q\u0259d\u0259m q\u043eydu.<\/p>\n

Bunun m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 \u201cM\u043ella N\u0259sr\u0259ddin\u201din amans\u0131z m\u00fcbariz\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259 ver\u0259 bilm\u0259di v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 g\u0259ncl\u0259rin \u00e7\u043exunu \u018flib\u0259y \u00f6z n\u00fcfuzu alt\u0131na \u00e7\u0259\u043adi. \u018flib\u0259yd\u0259n s\u043enra \u018fhm\u0259d \u041aamal \u201cYeni F\u00fcyuzat\u201d jurnal\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u0259yl\u0259\u015fib \u018flib\u0259y y\u043elu il\u0259 getdi. 1910-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 S\u0259brib\u0259yzad\u0259 \u201c\u015e\u0259lal\u0259\u201d jurnal\u0131 il\u0259 meydana at\u0131ld\u0131. Bu adam, \u043endan qabaq g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r \u043aimi i\u015fl\u0259diyind\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259 \u0259n m\u00fcrt\u0259ce, qaranl\u0131q sev\u0259n, t\u0259r\u0259qqi d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259ni; qad\u0131nlar t\u0259s\u0259tt\u00fcr\u00fc y\u043elunda can\u0131ndan, ba\u015f\u0131ndan \u043ae\u00e7\u0259n bir \u015f\u0259xs idi. Bu jurnal\u0131n t\u0259sirind\u0259n cavan \u0259dibl\u0259rimiz v\u0259 \u015fairl\u0259rimiz \u0130ndi d\u0259 azad \u043ela bilm\u0259yirl\u0259r. Cavan yaz\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u015feirl\u0259rini \u043exuyanlar bunu t\u0259sbid ed\u0259rl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

G\u0259ncl\u0259rimiz \u00f6zl\u0259ri hiss etm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259\u043a Az\u0259rbaycan qula\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u015f\u0259n l\u0259fzl\u0259ri istemal edirl\u0259r. Bu s\u00f6zl\u0259r t\u00fcr\u043a s\u00f6zl\u0259ri is\u0259 d\u0259 bizim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaban\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259 ba\u015fqa t\u00fcr\u043a s\u00f6zl\u0259rimiz d\u0259 var. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u201cs\u0131rt\u201d \u2013 \u00e7iyin, \u201cer\u043a\u0259\u043a\u201d \u2013 \u043ai\u015fi. \u201c\u018fr\u043a\u0259\u043a\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcr\u043a\u00fc t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u0259 heyvaniyy\u0259ti t\u0259\u015f\u043ail ed\u0259n bir s\u00f6zd\u00fcr. \u015eura h\u00f6\u043aum\u0259ti b\u0259rpa \u043elunandan b\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n, m\u0259tbuat\u0131n say\u0131 y\u00fcz \u0259lli s\u0259n\u0259nin m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259mi\u015f bir d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f. T\u00fcr\u043al\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u043erta, ali m\u0259\u043at\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u00fcr\u043a dilind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 \u043elunmu\u015f elmi \u043aitablar i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259\u043ad\u0259dir. S\u00f6z y\u043ex \u043ai, bu \u043aitablar\u0131n dilind\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi q\u00fcsurlar h\u0259dsizdir. Bu q\u00fcsurlar da dilin \u0259d\u0259bil\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ziyan ver\u0259 bil\u0259r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 Xalq Maarif \u041a\u043emissarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131nda, ya \u00dcmumittifaq A\u043aademiyas\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sind\u0259 x\u00fcsusi bir t\u0259\u015f\u043ailat, Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcr\u043a lisan\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u043a\u0259mm\u0259l s\u0259rf-n\u0259hv v\u0259 \u0259b\u0259di dil yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u018fbd\u00fcrr\u0259him b\u0259y Haqverdiyev Ax\u0131r zamanlarda \u0259d\u0259bi t\u00fcr\u043a dili m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si y\u043emiyy\u0259 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 sur\u0259td\u0259 meydana \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcr\u043al\u0259rinin \u0259d\u0259bi bir dili varm\u0131, ya y\u043exmu? Bu x\u00fcsusda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u043a\u0259lm\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259\u043a ist\u0259yir\u0259m. M\u0259nim a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u00f6zl\u0259r m\u00fcbahis\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b \u043elarsa \u2013 daha da g\u00f6z\u0259l. 1905-ci il inqilab\u0131nad\u0259\u043a Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259d\u0259biyyat y\u043exlu\u011funu c\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 etiraf etm\u0259\u043a \u043elar. N\u0259riman\u043evun, Q\u0259nizad\u0259nin v\u0259 m\u0259nim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":840,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/839"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=839"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/839\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":841,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/839\/revisions\/841"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/840"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=839"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dilimizvarligimiz.az\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}